Thermal Processing & CNC Induction Tooling
Induction Hardening & Contour Scanning Calculator
Model high-frequency induction surface hardening. Calculate electromagnetic current penetration skin depth ($\delta$), required surface power density ($P_s$), scanning traverse speed ($v$), and coil offset clearances.
Process & CAM Parameters
High-frequency AC current in kilohertz (kHz).
Desired hardened depth (50 HRC cutoff) in mm.
High-frequency generator electrical power in kW.
Active axial coupling length of inductor in mm.
Engineering Calculations
Current Skin Depth (δ)
0.82mm
Surface Power Density
3.2kW/cm²
Scan Traverse Speed
9.4mm/s
Heating Dwell Time
2.7sec
Dynamic CAM Toolpath & Vector Preview
Need complete manufacturing prepress guidance and formulas?
Read the Full Induction Hardening Guide →Engineering Principles & Formulations
High-Frequency Induction Hardening induces intense eddy currents in the surface layer of ferrous components to raise temperatures above austenitizing ($850^\circ - 920^\circ\text{C}$) in seconds, followed immediately by polymer quenchant spray.
Key mathematical equations include:
- Electromagnetic Skin Depth: $$\delta = 503 \sqrt{\frac{\rho}{\mu_r f}} \quad [\text{in meters}]$$ Above Curie temperature ($770^\circ\text{C}$), steel becomes paramagnetic ($\mu_r = 1$), expanding skin depth by $\approx 4-8\times$.
- Scanning Traverse Speed: $$v = \frac{L}{\tau_{\text{heat}}} = \frac{P_{\text{eff}}}{A \cdot \rho_{\text{steel}} \cdot c_p \cdot \Delta T \cdot d_{\text{case}}}$$
- Coil Standoff Coupling: Inductor coil clearance to workpiece must be maintained at $1.5 - 3.0\text{ mm}$ for optimal electromagnetic flux transfer.