ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING & HARDFACING

Laser Cladding & DED Track Overlap Calculator

Compute single clad bead width ($W$), layer height ($H$), hatch stepover pitch ($P$), track overlap percentage, specific energy input ($E$), and surface waviness.

1. Laser & Clad Bead Parameters

Nominal single-pass melted track width.
Optimal overlap for flat coatings is 45% - 55%.

2. Hatch Pitch & Energy Density

Stepover Pitch (P)
0.0 mm
Linear Heat Input
0 J/mm
Effective Layer Height
0.0 mm
Area Energy Density
0 J/mm²

3. Track Overlap Cross-Section

DED Toolpath & Vector Prepress Notes

1. Overlap Optimization: If overlap is $< 40\%$, deep inter-track valleys occur, trapping un-melted powder or gas bubbles. If overlap $> 60\%$, excessive heat accumulation causes unconstrained bead height buildup and melt pool slumping.

2. End Turn-Around Fillets: Continuous serpentine CAM toolpaths must include smooth tangential turn-around radii ($R \ge W/2$) to prevent CNC deceleration dwell at the track perimeter.