Semiconductor Packaging & Wire Bonding

Ultrasonic Wire Bonding & Wedge Loop Clearance Calculator

Determine transducer acoustic scrub power, trapezoidal loop trajectory height, wire neck deformation %, and bond pad keep-out clearance envelopes for gold, aluminum, and copper microelectronic wire bonding.

Process Parameters & Inputs

Standard microelectronic wire diameter in micrometers (µm).
Horizontal distance between 1st bond (die) and 2nd bond (leadframe/substrate) in mm.
Vertical Z-height difference between die pad and substrate pad in mm.
Piezoelectric transducer resonant driving frequency in kHz.
Peak-to-peak wedge tool scrub displacement amplitude in micrometers (µm).

Calculated Engineering Metrics

Max Loop Apex Height
485µm
Acoustic Scrub Power
320mW
Neck Deformation Ratio
22.4%
Pad Keep-Out Clearance
68µm

Toolpath & Geometry Simulation

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Engineering Principles & Formula Reference

Ultrasonic wedge and ball bonding rely on solid-state atomic interdiffusion governed by acoustic power dissipation ($P = \frac{1}{2} k \omega^2 A^2$) and normal clamping downforce.

Trapezoidal Wire Loop Trajectory & Scrub Power:
H_apex = ΔH + \sqrt{L_{span}^2 - (\Delta X)^2} \cdot \sin(\theta_{kink}) + 2.5 d_{wire}
P_{scrub} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot Z_{acoustic} \cdot (2\pi f_{US})^2 \cdot A_{scrub}^2
\Delta d_{neck} = d_{wire} \cdot (1 - \sqrt{1 - \varepsilon_{compression}})

Ensuring minimum loop clearance prevents wire sag shorts and tail bond liftoff during high-acceleration epoxy transfer molding encapsulation.